PostgreSQL 運用・信頼性（バックアップ/PITR・レプリケーション/HA・接続プーリング・無停止DDL・セキュリティ・アップグレード）の本番運用ガイド

A practical guide to connection pooling that prevents PostgreSQL connection exhaustion. It explains, with real code: the process-per-connection mechanism, why you must not raise max_connections, the difference between PgBouncer's session/transaction/statement modes, the features that break in transaction mode (prepared statements, LISTEN/NOTIFY, session advisory locks) and how to handle them, the mandatory configuration for serverless (Lambda/Edge), and RDS Proxy and Supabase Supavisor.

A practical guide to designing PostgreSQL backup and recovery at production quality. Faithful to the official documentation, it explains: choosing among the three methods of logical (pg_dump), physical, and continuous archiving; real pg_dump/pg_restore commands; configuring PITR (recovery to any point in time) with WAL archiving and pg_basebackup and the recovery procedure; PostgreSQL 17's incremental backup; the importance of recovery drills; and managed automatic PITR.

A practical guide to achieving PostgreSQL high availability (HA) with streaming replication. Faithful to the official docs, it explains building physical replication, the durability-vs-latency trade-off of sync/async (synchronous_commit), read replicas and replication conflicts on a hot standby, the fact that the PostgreSQL core doesn't provide automatic failover and STONITH, WAL retention via replication slots, and PostgreSQL 18 improvements.

A practical guide to using PostgreSQL logical replication in production. It explains the difference from physical replication, building publish/subscribe, CDC (change data capture), and the cross-version zero-downtime major upgrade (a few seconds of downtime to 18). The most important constraint that DDL and sequences aren't replicated and the switchover pitfalls, pg_upgrade's --swap, and PostgreSQL 18 improvements — all faithful to the official docs.

A practical guide to changing the schema of production PostgreSQL with no downtime. It explains, in real code faithful to the official documentation: the mechanism by which an ACCESS EXCLUSIVE lock stops every SELECT, how not to stop the world with lock_timeout, adding columns (PG11+'s fast path), the two-stage NOT VALID→VALIDATE for NOT NULL/constraints, CONCURRENTLY indexes, the shadow-column strategy for type changes, a lock-level cheat sheet, and PostgreSQL 18's NOT NULL NOT VALID.

A security-hardening guide to protect PostgreSQL at production quality. Faithful to the official docs, it explains least-privilege role design that doesn't run as superuser, GRANT/REVOKE and default privileges, the public-schema pitfall (the PG15 change), predefined roles for monitoring, pg_hba.conf authentication design, SCRAM and MD5 deprecation, how to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks with TLS/sslmode=verify-full, and PostgreSQL 18's OAuth 2.0 authentication.